Ambobags are classified into several subcategories based on scale items, which include:

• Size and size

Adult model, children model, infant model

• Type of ingredients

Ambo disposable bag is made of SEBS (Ethylene Butylene Styrene), which is safer than PVC plastic.
Washable and reusable bag made of silicone rubber, 100% latex free. which can be autoclaved for 15 minutes.

• Manufacturer’s brand

All types of ambobags have similar structure and function, but they have various shapes in their design, which design is different based on the manufacturer’s brand.

• Tank or bag volume

Ambobags have been marketed in 500, 600, 1500 and 2000 cc volumes.

Ambobag parts (components of Ambobag)

In general, Ambobag parts consist of three main parts: silicone mask, storage bag and valve. In each ambobag, many sub-components are used as accessories. The following are the most important components of Ambobag.

The most used components of AMBU bag include an AMBU bag, a face mask, an oxygen tube, a tank bag. Goodell Airway / Bremen Airway, Opener, Filters in subcategory Ambobag components are categorized. All components of Ambobag can be disassembled for washing and disinfection for up to 15 minutes.

Ambobag mask

As it was said, Ambobag mask is one of the main parts of Ambobag. The material of Ambobag mask is made of silicone that can be washed and autoclaved.
It should be mentioned that the silicone material of this mask does not cause any allergy to the person. The external curvature of this mask is designed in such a way that it is completely fixed on the patient’s mouth and prevents air from escaping through the mask.

Ambobag bag

Among other Ambobag components, the Ambobag bag has a structure of soft silicone that is easily compressed and causes air to be pumped into the mask.

valve

A valve is used to prevent more air pressure from entering the patient’s airways
This valve is installed on the ambobag and has pressure levels of 20, 40 and 60 centimeters of water (cmH2O).

It is worth mentioning that cmH2O is a unit of measurement and its definition is a unit of pressure exerted by a column of water with a height of one centimeter at a temperature of 4 degrees Celsius (temperature of maximum density) in the standard acceleration of gravity and often It is used to measure central venous pressure, intracranial pressure when sampling cerebrospinal fluid, and also to determine pressures during mechanical ventilation or in water supply networks (usually in water column meters).

1 cm H2O (typical) = 98.0665 pascals
This valve should be closed during ventilation with a mask and should be open when using a tube
The way this valve works is that if it is on 40 and the pressure exceeds 40, the rest of the air pressure is released and does not enter the patient’s airway.

Ambobag application in emergency situations

In emergency situations when the patient is unable to breathe normally, the Ambo bag is used as a substitute for mouth-to-mouth breathing. The use of Ambobag is more common in situations such as drowning, cardiac arrest, children with shortness of breath, or people who have syncope due to drug overdose.

The way to use Ambobag is very specialized and complicated, which requires practical training and practice, because if it is not used during use, it may lead to injury or even death. This training is provided to emergency personnel and medical professionals only.

Among the most possible injuries caused when using ambobag for resuscitation, we can mention the damage to the throat, the low amount of oxygen entering the patient, or the introduction of air into the stomach.

It is very difficult to use Ambobag to save people who have physical problems such as very fat body, toothless mouth, very thin body, beard and sibyl on the face, as well as snoring, due to the difficulty of opening the airway. .

Ten useful tips on how to use all types of Ambobag

1. First, connect the bag (or oxygen tank), mask and oxygen tube to the BVM.
2. Use an airway supplement, known as a glottis block or bite block, to prevent the tongue from blocking the airway. If the tongue is not retracted, the air may be pushed towards the esophagus or stomach.
3. If the patient is lying on the floor, get behind the patient’s head and then place the mask on the patient’s face and hold it tightly over the nose and mouth. It is better to do this with the help of two people, one person keeps the mask in place and the other person presses the bag.
4. To fully fit the mask on the face, pull the chin up (instead of pushing the forehead down) to keep the airway open. Squeeze the bag until the chest rises as the lungs fill.
5. The formula for the number of Ambobag pressure is as follows: The duration of the act of pressing the bag is six seconds, and it is calculated approximately 10 to 12 times per minute for adults and 12 to 20 times for minors.
   It should be noted that if using a chip, the number of Ambobag pressures for all age groups should not be more than 8 to 10 breaths.
6. After placing the endotracheal tube, you can separate the mask from the bag, connect the opening of the bag to the tracheal tube, and then press the bag to continue resuscitation.
7. Note that when pressing the bag, the Ambobag mask must be in its correct position and the degree of chest rise can be seen, otherwise the air will not enter the person’s lungs enough. Also, avoid pressing the bag quickly and ventilate the patient too much.
8. Ambobag types can be used in two ways: the first method: Using an ambobag connected to an oxygen cylinder, the second method: Using Ambobag without connecting to the oxygen capsule.
9. Also, the amount of oxygen produced by different types of ambobags depends on things such as the size of the bag (adult, child, or infant), whether or not the ambo bag is connected to the oxygen tank, the size or intensity of the oxygen flow coming out of the capsule when the ambo bag is connected to the oxygen tank. has it.
10. When using different types of Ambobag together with the oxygen capsule, you must first connect the cylinder connecting tube to the valve of the Ambo bag, then adjust the intensity of the oxygen flow according to the patient’s condition.

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Three effective methods in checking the health and proper functioning of Ambobag

There are three types of quick check methods to ensure the proper functioning of all Ambobag types:

1. First, pressurize the bag to make sure that the BVM will be fully inflated after deflation, which indicates that the ambobag valve is working properly.
2. Block the patient port (where the ambobag enters the patient’s mouth) and try to squeeze the bag. The pop-off valve should open automatically.
3. Disconnect the oxygen tank and block the patient inlet valve. The bag should not be filled.

Disinfection of all types of Ambobag after use

The bag in Ambobag types is divided into two types, a bag with the ability to wash (sterilize) and reuse, and a disposable bag.
To disinfect a washable bag, you must first disassemble and thoroughly clean its components. Depending on the type of bag, two different methods can be used for disinfection.

Some bags can be sterilized in an autoclave at a temperature of 134 degrees Celsius or 272 degrees Fahrenheit and will not be deformed. The second method is used in those ambobags that do not have the ability to last in an autoclave. As a result, 2% glutaraldehyde disinfectant solution is used to disinfect the components of the ambobag for at least 20 minutes immersed in the solution.